How to use
Enter both outside diameters and the 15–90° angle between axes. The smaller branch meets the main centrally. Download or print at 100% and wrap around the branch.
Example calculation
d = 50 mm, D = 100 mm, α = 90° → C ≈ 157.07963 mm; Δz ≈ 6.69873 mm.
Calculation method
x = rφ; z(φ) = [r cosφ cosα + √(R² − r²sin²φ)] / sinα y = max(z) − z; 0 ≤ φ ≤ 2π; r ≤ R
Calculation limits
Ideal cylinders with intersecting axes; no wall thickness, weld gap or bevel. Curve uses 720 line segments. Verify the printed 50 mm ruler and disable fit-to-page.